In the fourth quarter of 2010, the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) celebrated its 10 year anniversary, and with that milestone marked a decade of preserving the integrity of competition, inspiring true sport, and protecting the rights of clean athletes through a comprehensive and multi-faceted program. In serving its mission, USADA works proactively through multiple programs, including: athlete and outreach education; scientific research; drug reference resources; out-of-competition, no-advance notice testing; in-competition testing; collaboration with law enforcement agencies; and worldwide cooperation with anti-doping organizations, to support clean athletes in their pursuit of level playing fields. Toward that end, USADA is pleased to share the following program highlights and testing statistics for 2010.
2010 PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS
Education
Outreach Education
In 2010, USADA maintained and enhanced a strong influence on the culture of sport by promoting messages supporting the importance of clean competition and integrity in sport at all ages and for all athletes.
In 2010, USADA launched its “I COMPETE CLEAN because…” campaign, the organization’s fourth clean sport campaign. Heading into the Winter Games in Vancouver, this public service effort aimed to encourage athletes and fans of all ages to take a proactive stand for clean and healthy competition.
In the spring the organization announced the winners of the first annual USADA True Sport Awards program produced in partnership with Discovery Education. The True Sport Awards program, winner of a 2010 Mom’s Choice Award® for online family-friendly resources, encourages implementation of youth programs that promote positive life lessons using sport, and USADA’s curriculum resources as a platform. The program which recognized 50 winners also kicked-off the second year of the awards program in 2010.
The year also saw the first time that a school district adopted the USADA outreach education curriculums as a resource for its students. More than 29,000 students in Colorado Springs’ School District 11 will benefit from the That’s Dope (high-school) and 100% Me (middle school) curriculums as the resources are implemented district-wide.
Additionally, USADA’s Outreach Education team for 2010 directly reached out to more than 16,000 junior level athletes; high school and middle school students; teachers and program administrators, athlete support, and parents through live presentations in schools, education conferences, local and national training events and athletic training centers and through material distribution.
Olympic Education
Leading up to the 2010 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, USADA ramped-up educational efforts to ensure all members of Team USA were aware of their requirements and responsibilities under the International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) Anti-Doping Rules. The centerpiece of the efforts included a dedicated online resource hub for all questions regarding anti-doping and the Vancouver Games.
In 2010, using athlete feedback and suggestions, USADA launched its elite athlete online tutorial which ensures athletes are informed of, and comfortable with, their responsibilities in regard to competing clean. USADA’s Athlete’s Advantage® tutorial provides information on whereabouts responsibilities, sample collection process procedures and responsibilities as well as information on dietary supplements, therapeutic use exemptions and the results management process.
Additionally, Olympic Education programming for 2010 directly reached out to more than 6,514 individual elite athletes, junior athletes, athlete support, medical staff and sport National Governing Body (NGB) staff. The programming which consists of live presentations occurred at athletic summits, club events, development camps, training camps, national events and conferences, Olympic Training Center Dining Hall Chats, webinars, and conferences for coaches and through material distribution.
Drug Reference Resources
USADA maintains a commitment to the education of athletes and the public surrounding the existence, and use of performance enhancing substances, medications, and dietary supplements and their role in both society and sport.
In 2010 USADA maintained a continued dedication to its Supplement Safety Now (SSN) initiative, which in partnership with the NFL, MLB, NBA, NHL, the USOC and other national sports and health organizations urges Congress to refine the regulatory framework to ensure that all supplements sold over the counter, in retail stores, and online, are safe and free of dangerous steroids and other drugs. In November, USADA and SSN applauded as the U.S. Senate passed S. 510, the Food and Drug Administration Food Safety and Modernization Act. The Act included a number of solutions to issues raised by SSN, including registration of dietary supplement facilities, mandatory recall for unsafe dietary supplements, requirements that the FDA identify new versus old dietary supplement ingredients, and increased information sharing on harmful substances between the FDA and the Drug Enforcement Agency.
USADA’s Global Drug Reference Online Database (Global DRO) – which provides easily accessible information on the prohibited or allowed status of specific pharmaceutical products for use by athletes, received 92,861 inquiries pertaining to U.S. products in 2010. In addition, the Drug Reference department received 1,549 direct call inquiries to the Drug Reference Line and responded to 543 e-mail inquiries.
Science and Research
USADA maintains a commitment to expand influence in the scientific community and to enhance anti-doping initiatives through cutting edge research.
“Emerging Technologies” was the topic for the 9th Annual USADA Symposium on Anti-Doping Science, held October 2-4 in Lansdowne, Va., which gathered more than 90 scientists, laboratory directors and sports administrators from around the world. The 2010 symposium included interactive workshops and keynote addresses on specific topic areas such as Mass Spectrometry of Proteins and Peptides, Quantification and Characterization of Proteins and Glycoproteins, Strategies of Doping and Masking, and Low Cost, High Throughput Testing Strategies.
Also in the fourth quarter, The Partnership for Clean Competition (PCC) announced that it has awarded $3.2 million in grant funding since its inception in 2008. Founded as an innovative research collaborative by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), Major League Baseball (MLB) and the National Football League (NFL), the PCC aims to ensure integrity in sport by supporting high-quality, high-impact, novel research.
Results Management
USADA’s results management team plays an important role in the protection of clean athlete’s rights through multiple initiatives including handling communication with athletes regarding anti-doping test results; handling the adjudication of anti-doping rule violations; and partnering with law enforcement and other agencies to ensure the integrity of competition in sport is upheld.
For 2010, USADA announced a total of 38 anti-doping rule violations including:
- 9 non-analytical cases resulting from evidence of offenses including trafficking, possession, and use of prohibited substances or prohibited methods.
- 5 for THC (marijuana)
- 4 for refusing to submit to testing
- 3 for adverse CIR
- 5 for diuretics
- 3 for anabolic agents
- 3 for three Whereabouts Failures (Whereabouts Failures include failure to provide required quarterly whereabouts filings (Filing Failure) and failure to be available for testing during a 60 minute window designated by the athlete (Missed Test).
- 2 for tampering
- 2 for methylhexaneamine
- 1 for EPO
- 1 for a beta 2 agonist
Individual cases of doping violations are announced at the time of the resolution. For the testing history of individual athletes, visit the athlete test history page at usada.org/athlete-test-history.
Testing Numbers
An important pillar of USADA’s efforts to uphold its mission to preserve the integrity of competition, inspire true sport, and protect the rights of U.S. athletes, is the implementation of a WADA Code accredited, gold-standard testing program. USADA’s testing program aims to both detect the use of prohibited, performance-enhancing substances and methods as well as to prevent and deter the use of prohibited, performance-enhancing substances and methods.
USADA performed a total of 8,031 doping control tests in 2010. Of those tests, 5,341 (67 percent) were out-of-competition (OOC) tests and 2,690 (33 percent) were tests conducted in-competition. USADA conducted in-competition testing at 192 events in 2010. In addition to tests initiated as part of USADA’s testing program, testing numbers also include tests conducted by USADA at the request of other sport organizations and sport events. See a breakdown of tests by sport and quarter below.
USADA is responsible for the testing and results management process for athletes in the U.S. Olympic, Paralympic, and Pan American Movements and is equally dedicated to preserving the integrity of sport through research initiatives and educational programs.
U.S. Anti-Doping Agency Testing Numbers – 2010
(Includes both tests that were planned through USADA’s testing program as well as tests conducted by USADA at the request of other sport organizations, federations and events.)
| Sport | Q1 2010 Total | Q2 2010 Total | Q3 2010 Total | Q4 2010 Total | 2010 Total Tests | 2010 OOC Tests | 2010 IC Tests |
| Archery | 2 | 8 | 13 | 3 | 26 | 10 | 16 |
| Badminton | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 8 |
| Baseball | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 0 |
| Basketball | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 28 | 28 | 0 |
| Biathlon | 27 | 13 | 6 | 9 | 55 | 30 | 25 |
| Bobsled & Skeleton | 31 | 37 | 40 | 43 | 151 | 151 | 0 |
| Bowling | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 0 |
| Boxing | 19 | 26 | 41 | 45 | 131 | 96 | 35 |
| Bridge | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| Canoe & Kayak | 31 | 49 | 15 | 17 | 112 | 80 | 32 |
| Cheerleading | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| Climbing | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Curling | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 8 | 12 |
| Cycling | 191 | 343 | 279 | 129 | 942 | 615 | 327 |
| Dance Sport | 0 | 18 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 0 | 24 |
| Diving | 21 | 14 | 28 | 8 | 71 | 21 | 50 |
| Equestrian | 5 | 6 | 22 | 14 | 47 | 14 | 33 |
| Fencing | 3 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 22 | 16 | 6 |
| Field Hockey | 5 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 24 | 16 | 8 |
| Figure Skating | 54 | 19 | 17 | 16 | 106 | 68 | 38 |
| Football | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| Gymnastics | 18 | 24 | 53 | 22 | 117 | 82 | 35 |
| Ice Hockey | 60 | 16 | 27 | 28 | 131 | 120 | 11 |
| Judo | 8 | 46 | 55 | 21 | 130 | 82 | 48 |
| Karate | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 11 | 0 |
| Luge | 17 | 12 | 8 | 24 | 61 | 49 | 12 |
| Modern Pentathlon | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 9 | 5 | 4 |
| Power Boat | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| Racquetball | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 0 |
| Roller Sports | 2 | 21 | 22 | 7 | 52 | 36 | 16 |
| Rowing | 74 | 81 | 51 | 85 | 291 | 234 | 57 |
| Rugby | 12 | 25 | 11 | 13 | 61 | 53 | 8 |
| Sailing | 18 | 3 | 13 | 7 | 41 | 21 | 20 |
| Shooting | 6 | 56 | 7 | 10 | 79 | 44 | 35 |
| Skateboarding | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| Skiing & Snowboarding | 116 | 102 | 65 | 146 | 429 | 294 | 135 |
| Soccer | 27 | 13 | 7 | 15 | 62 | 62 | 0 |
| Softball | 7 | 6 | 16 | 4 | 33 | 33 | 0 |
| Speedskating | 24 | 54 | 57 | 97 | 232 | 190 | 42 |
| Squash | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Supercross | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Swimming | 225 | 176 | 288 | 112 | 801 | 489 | 312 |
| Synchronized Swimming | 17 | 2 | 12 | 6 | 37 | 18 | 19 |
| Table Tennis | 2 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 9 | 3 | 6 |
| Taekwondo | 17 | 12 | 24 | 10 | 63 | 31 | 32 |
| Team Handball | 0 | 23 | 3 | 5 | 31 | 11 | 20 |
| Tennis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
| Track & Field | 519 | 637 | 301 | 288 | 1745 | 1139 | 606 |
| Triathlon | 62 | 190 | 157 | 178 | 587 | 318 | 269 |
| Volleyball | 10 | 41 | 42 | 13 | 106 | 85 | 21 |
| Water Polo | 14 | 23 | 17 | 3 | 57 | 38 | 19 |
| Water Skiing | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 13 | 13 | 0 |
| Weightlifting | 63 | 119 | 53 | 101 | 336 | 200 | 136 |
| Wrestling | 44 | 116 | 44 | 57 | 261 | 198 | 63 |
| Paralympic Alpine Skiing | 11 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 32 | 26 | 6 |
| Paralympic Archery | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 0 |
| Paralympic Basketball | 4 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 22 | 16 | 6 |
| Paralympic Curling | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Paralympic Cycling | 2 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 32 | 15 | 17 |
| Paralympic Equestrian | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| Paralympic Fencing | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
| Paralympic Goalball | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 0 |
| Paralympic Judo | 1 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 3 | 8 |
| Paralympic Nordic Skiing | 8 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 0 |
| Paralympic Powerlifting | 0 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 2 | 8 |
| Paralympic Rowing | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 0 |
| Paralympic Rugby | 3 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 20 | 20 | 0 |
| Paralympic Sailing | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 0 |
| Paralympic Shooting | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 |
| Paralympic Sled Hockey | 0 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 17 | 17 | 0 |
| Paralympic Soccer | 2 | 12 | 2 | 5 | 21 | 21 | 0 |
| Paralympic Swimming | 25 | 12 | 7 | 14 | 58 | 33 | 25 |
| Paralympic Table Tennis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Paralympic Tennis | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 11 | 0 |
| Paralympic Track & Field | 11 | 33 | 11 | 8 | 63 | 38 | 25 |
| Paralympic Volleyball | 4 | 27 | 11 | 3 | 45 | 35 | 10 |
| Totals | 1,870 | 2,562 | 1,934 | 1,665 | 8,031 | 5,341 | 2,690 |
2010 Testing
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 TOTAL
USADA Tests:
OOC 1,434 1,539 1,135 1,233 5,341
IC 436 1,023 799 432 2,690
Total USADA Tests 1,870 2,562 1,934 1,665 8,031
KEY
OOC: Out-of-Competition Testing (no advance notice)
IC: In-Competition Testing
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